Nowadays, the database is one of the most emerging topics in computer science to discuss on. As an introduction to the database system, we can say that it is a collection of information or data which is generally structured for frequent retrieval and search by a computer.
A database is organized to facilitate the modification, storage, retrieval, managing data in various operations of data processing. In the case of managing the database we required the database management system, it will extract information from the database. The basics of the database are accumulated as a set of files or a single file on the optical disk, magnetic tape or disk, or some secondary storage device.
Data in these files should be broken down into records. All of the records must be consist of one or more fields. Primary units of data storage are fields, and every field naturally contains data obtaining to one aspect or attribute of the entity portrayed by the database.
What is the Purpose of a Database?
The basic purpose of a database is storing data in an efficient way so that we can access them when we need it. A database management system is essential because it maintains data efficiently and enables users to execute multiple tasks with ease.
A database management system organizes, stores and maintains a huge amount of data in a single software application. Database management systems are important to organizations and businesses because they implement a highly efficient method for managing various kinds of data.
Many of the information or data are readily accomplished with the DBMS system include student information, accounting, project management, payroll, employee records, library books, and inventory. Without management of the database, tasks have to be completed lately and done manually.
Data can be categorized as per the requirements of the company or organization. A database can be used by a person with the help of a security code password or it can be used by a group with sharing a common password.
What Are the 4 Types of Database?
There are four types of the database they are included text database, desktop database, relational database, NoSQL and object-oriented database.
Text Database
The text database is one of the simplest forms of a database. In this type of database, the data is stored in a text file in columns and rows. Text databases can be used to maintain, store, and retrieve data. This database can be extended or shorted by adding or diminishing the rows or columns.
Desktop Database Programs
This type of database is complicated than the text database but it is only for the single user. Users can enter data, store, categorize and retrieved it when they required. Microsoft Access and Microsoft Excel spreadsheet are an example of desktop database programs. The difference between text database and desktop database programs is that the handling or speed of changing data of the desktop database programs is easy and fast.
Relational Database
These databases are the most common database system that uses by companies or organization. It contained some databases such as Informix, MySQL, SQL Server, Sybase, and Oracle database. the relational database management system has much better performance than the previous database systems.
NoSQL and Object-oriented Databases
This database is different than other database and it is the most innovative model to manage or sort information in any organization. An object-oriented database is a database that contributes to a model with the information described by objects. It is a recess offering in the RDBMS field and is not as well-known or successful as mainstream database engines. There are five major elements is available in the database environment system they have included data, hardware, software, people, and procedures.
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